THESIS PROPOSAL

                                  

THE EFFECT OF STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN ENGLISH AND THE HABIT OF WATCHING ENGLISH FILMS TO STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY AT SMKN IN PASARKEMIS TANGERANG

              

                                                       CHAPTER I

                                                 INTRODUCTION

                                    

1.1  Background of the study

                    Language is a tool to communicate among people in the world. As a tool for communication, language is very important role in the life to express our feeling, ideas, or opinions.

                  One of the language widely used for international communication is English. English as an international language, used by people of over the world. Although there are other languages  that are recognized as international language. English is still remaining the most important and popular language in the world. It is used as a mean of communication among people from many countries, particulary for educational, commercial and political purpose, as stated by Robert claborne : “language – as- communication is the prime means for organizing the cooperative activities that enable us to accomplish as groups things we could not possibly do as individuals”.¹  Therefore in Indonesia English has officially stated by the goverment to be a subject matter in every school level, beginning at elementary school up to universiity level.  And this foreign language is learn at school and universities in all of the world. Although English has been tought in every school level, students still have difficulties in learning and using this language orally and written. In additional, English has been used in all aspect of communication, science and technology. For example most computers are used in english, a lot of books, both scientific or non scientific are written in English.  Moreover, there are now many accupation requiring the ability to cummunicate in English. In other words, English is the key to success.

                          

                    In reality, the teaching of English is not done successfully, many students are not able to use English language or hoped by the curriculum. There are many factors causing the problem namely, the internal and external factors of the students.

                    In teaching and learning process, the teacher is hoped not only to transfer knowledge of the students, but also increase their interest especially in English.

                    And an English learning will go diligently if the learner is willing to learn. It will emerge students’ feeling that they need too. Such willingness it is usually based upon a necessity to understand or to be able to communicate in English. It is clear know that interest in English has very important role in learning process.

                    And from the students interest in english, of course the teacher wanted that their students  get the best score of English. But to get the best score is not enough with have the interest in English.  To get the high score is not easy. The students must study hard and always focus to listen to the teacher that explain about the English subject and of course they must know a lot of vocabularies.

                    And as we know, nowadays English becomes more and more important for people throughout the world because people need to communicate to each other using English that would be a lingua franca for several languages that exist. English is one of the most popular international languages in the world. For that reason people need to have the ability to speak English fluently. To face the global era, in Indonesia English is adopted as be the first foreign language. Hence, English is needed to be taught at elementary schools because it will be the basic element for the higher level. By learning English, the students are expected to become accustomed to the language. Vocabulary is necessary in every stage of language learning. Language is not only used as words of knowledge, but also a medium in mastery at a level which automatically allows them using it in real time. So we need to master vocabulary first before we learn a certain language. If we do not understand any word of the language we will not be able to understand the meaning of it. Considering the importance of vocabulary, it is better to introduce new
vocabulary earlier. And Teachers need to review the lesson all the time in order to help them memorize the new vocabulary easily.

                    Because vocabulary is very important.  In any foreign language, learning vocabulary is necessary. Good mastery of vocabulary is important aspect in communication. Vocabulary is one of the language elements to learn while students are learning a language, especially English. But the fact  a little of students who  mastery the vocabulary and they will not to study hard and listen the explenation from their teacher. Most of them are lazy to do that, they prefer to play, listen to the music or watching the movie.  but there are some interest ways that will make the higher English score. For example, with often listen the English songs and often watching English films.

                              Millions of people around the world want to learn English or improve their skills in the language. There are many reasons for this. Some people plan to move t the United States. Others want to visit America or another English-speaking country.  Still other people need to know English for work in their home nations. Many interntional businesses today require knowledge of the language. 

    

                           Movies and television programs offered a good chance for people so that  they can listen to the foreigners speak normal English pronunciations and learn the  native English.

                    And now, almost all of the people like watching English film. Athough some people who watching English films, they still do not understand the whole meaning of the sentences, but they could catch the main idea of it. In learning process information comes into human thought or human consciousness through five senses. Sense of hearing and sense of sight are the senses which receive the most stimulus of information. Films and television shows are tremendous resources for that.

                    A research in United States concluded that the learner commonly uses 13% sense of hearing, 75% sense of sight, and 12% sense of others.²  a researh also concluded that visual ability is better to memorize a subject than  verbal ability.

Instructional method	The ability to memorize after 3 hours	The ability to memorize after 3 days
Verbal	70%	10%
Visual	72%	20%
Visual & verbal	85%	65%

                       English films and television program offer on excellent opportunity to develop accuracy and fluency of vocabulary in English. Although students enjoy simply watching film in English, this activity does not lead to appreciable learning. By watching english films the people can take an opportunity to learn English and vocabulary mastery.

            From those backgrounds and the writer knows how the importance of vocabulary mastery in learning english, the writer is interested in searching about the effect of students’ interest in English and the habit of watching English films to students’ vocabulary mastery at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

1.2  IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROBLEM

                    Problem identification is one of the crucial stages in  research which also perceived as initial stage, which enables the researchers to find out the exact problem at the grass root level to avoid it.

                    The problem defining consists of two steps, one is finding and setting objectives that is, what is the goal and what is the  research going to achieve. The second step is the measure of success, which is nothing but setting up a plan to find out solutions for the problems discovered.

                   Problem identification involves clear and precise perception of the problems which exist. The identification and understanding of problem is crucial as it will affect rest of the activities involved in the research process. There are many ways such as customer feedback, sales graphs, internal and external data reports and purchasing patterns etc. to locate the problems.

                   To abolish the problems which have been detected, its background should be thoroughly assessed. Understanding the crux of the problem is as crucial as review of possible causes and to ponder upon positive and possible solutions for the problem.

In this research, the writer identifies problems, they are :

1.2.1. Is there the effect of students’ interest and the habit of watching English    

          films to the Students’ vocabulary mastery at SMKN in Pasarkemis

          Tangerang?

1.2.2. Is there the effect of students interest of English to the students’

          Vocabulary  mastery at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang ?

1.2.3. Is there the effect of the habit of watching English films to the students’

          vocabulary  Mastery at SMKN in Pasrakemis Tangerang ?

1.3  LIMITATION OF THE PROBLEM

                    The limitations of the study are those characteristics of design or methodology that set parameters on the application or interpretation of the results of the study; that is, the constraints on generalizability and utility of findings that are the result of the devices of design or method that establish internal and external validity.  The most obvious limitation would relate to the ability to draw descriptive or inferential conclusions from sample data about a larger group.

                             The limitation of the problem, which is discussed in this thesis is “the effect of the students’ interest in English and the habit of watching English film to the vocabulary mastery at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang”.

1.4   STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

               The first step in the research process is to choose a problem to investigate. The researcher begins with a general topic and then narrows it to a specific problem statement, which is a detailed description of the problem and its importance.

                 A problem statement describes the research problem and identifies potential causes  or solutions. A problem statement also conveys the reason the problem is important and who is affected by the problem. 

                                                                                                                                     

                 There are two general types of problem statements: quantitative and qualitative. The problem statement in a quantitative research study names the variables and population to be studied, and asks a question about the relationship between the variables. A qualitatif   study, on the other hand, also begins with a problem statement, but it is statedmuch more  broadly than in a quantitative study. In other words, it states the general purpose of the study, but the focus may change as the study progresses.

                    According to "Introduction to Research in Education," a good research problem problem has five basic characteristics. The problem must be significant enough to  contribute to the existing body of research; the problem must be one that will lead to more research; it must be possible to investigate the problem through the collection of data; the problem must be interesting to the researcher and suit his skills, time and resources and the problem is ethical and will not harm others.

                    Based on the explenation above, thw writer can conclude that a thesis needs statement of the problem. So the writer does put forward the problem formulated as follow : is there the effect of students’ interest in English and the habit of watching English films to the student’ vocabulary mastery ?

1.5   OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

          The objectives of a research project summarize what is to be achieved by the study. These objectives should be closely related to the research problem.

          The general objective of a study states what researchers expect to achieve by the study in general terms. It is possible (and advisable) to break down a general objective into smaller, logically connected parts. These are normally referred to as specific objectives. Specific objectives should systematically address the various research questions. They should specify what you will do in your study, where and for what purpose.

                 From the viewpoint of objectives, a research can be classified as

       - descriptive

       - correlational

       - explanatory

       - exploratory

                 Descriptive research attempts to describe systematically a situation, problem, phenomenon, service or programme, or provides information about , say, living condition of a community, or describes attitudes towards an issue.

                 Correlational research attempts to discover or establish the existence of a relationship/ interdependence between two or more aspects of a situation

                Explanatory research attempts to clarify why and how there is a relationship   between two or more aspects of a situation or phenomenon.

                 Exploratory research is undertaken to explore an area where little is known or to  investigate the possibilities of undertaking a particular research study.

                       And the writer write The objective of the study  is, to know :

1.5.1        The effect of the students’ interest in English and the habit of watcing English films to the vocabulary mastery at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

1.5.2        The effect of the students’ interest in English to the students’ vocabulary mastery at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

1.5.3        The effect of the habit of watching english films to the students’ vocabulary mastery at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

1.6  HYPHOTHESIS OF THE RESEARCH

                     A hypothesis is a logical supposition, a reasonable guess, an educated conjecture. It provides a tentative explanation for a phenomenon under investigation.

                     A hypothesis is important because it guides the research. An investigator may refer to the hypothesis to direct his or her thought process toward the solution of the research problem or subproblems. The hypothesis helps an investigator to collect the right kinds of data needed for the investigation. Hypotheses are also important because they help an investigator to locate information needed to resolve the research problem or subproblems.

                                    The hypothesis is generated via a number of means, but is usually the   result of a process of inductive reasoning where observations lead to the formation of  theory.Scientists then use a large battery of deductive methods to arrive at a hyphothesis that is testable, falsifiable and realistic.

                                  The research hypothesis is a paring down of the problem into something  testable and falsifiable. In the aforementioned example, a researcher might speculate  that the decline in the fish stocks is due to prolonged over fishing. Scientists must generate  realistic and testable hypothesis around which they can build theexperiment.

                                     A hypothesis must be testable, taking into account current knowledge and techniques, and be realistic. If the researcher does not have a multi-million dollar budget then there is no point in generating complicated hypotheses. A hypothesis must be verifiable by statistical and analytical means, to allow  a verification or falsification

                                   In fact, a hypothesis is never proved, and it is better practice to use the terms ‘supported’ or ‘verified’. This means that the research showed that the evidence  supported the hypothesis and further research is built upon that.

                                A research hypothesis, which stands the test of time, eventually becomes  a theory, such as Einstein’s General Relativity. Even then, as with Newton’s Laws,  they can still be falsified or adapted.

 And The hyphothesis of the research are :

1.6.1        There is the effect of the students’s interest in English and the habit of watching English films to the vocabulary mastery at SMK in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

1.6.2        There is the effect of the students’ interest in English to the students’ vocabulary mastery at SMK in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

1.6.3        There is the effect of the habit of watching English films to the students’ vocabulary mastery at SMK in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

1.7  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

                  To determine the significance of the study in thesis, we must first consider what a thesis actually is; A thesis is defined in this case as a dissertation on a particular subject in which original research has been done, presented by a candidate for a diploma or degree &/or a proposition stated for consideration, particularly one to be discussed and proved or maintained against opposing views.  The significance of your study in your thesis is whatever you have deemed it to be.  You decide the significance of your study and the better you can articulate this, the stronger your thesis will be. 

                    You have been assigned a thesis study as a graduation requirement and know exactly what you want to do with it and why, you are far beyond the average student and already fully understand the significance of your study and how you will present it.  Others of us have to mull it over a few thousand times before we can decide a direction to take with it.  Say your field of study is in IT management and you are writing a thesis on virtual and cloud computing as compared to individual physical machines and infrastructure.  You could make the argument that the versatility, ease of use, time benefits, overhead cost reduction and 24 hour availability of these cloud systems built with virtual platforms on a reduced amount of servers provide a more robust and scalable backbone for any business regardless of industry.  The significance of this would be the cost reduction, the scalability; all of these emphasize the significance of your thesis. 

                   Ultimately, these decisions will be made between you and your thesis  adviser.  Choosing a thesis study that you are passionate about and are excited to research will make the work of putting an exceptional paper together seem effortless.

                    the writer hope that the result of the study will be useful for English teachers and their students. So, it will hopefully be a positive contribution to the teaching of English in Indonesia. And the significances ao the study are :

1.7.1         For  Teachers ;

         The result of the study will enrich the teacher’s technique in teaching. English Teacher can choose it as a media in guiding the students in mastering the vocabulary. And it gives an alternative technique in the teaching learning process.

1.7.2        For Students  ;

          The result of the study will give valuable contribution to improve their vocabulary mastery. It is expected that habit of watching English films can help them to imptove their vocabulary mastery. And of coure, with mastering the vocabulary they will more easy to understand about English subject in their school.                 

CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1  INTEREST IN ENGLISH

2.1.1          Definition of interest

                    Many people fail to understand the true meaning of the term interest meaning of interest, is of many kinds, which scientists give different definitions about it. Interest are sources hof motivations which to do when they are free to choose we will do.

                            Interest is a condition which accompanies intelectual’s consideration of something or ideas or participation in some activities.

                    From the definition above, it shows that interest is something which drivers the person to participate in some activities. Interest clearly has an important role in activities such as playing,, working, learning, and so on.

                   Interest is the factor which determines one’s attitude in  working or studying activity. The stronger ha or she has, the harder he or she wants to learn. N.L, and David C Barliner said:

                   students with an interest in a subject tend to pay attention to it,   feel in makes a difference to them: they want to become fully aware of its character. They enjoy dealing with it either for what is can lead to or for its own sake. Their attention level is high; their work output  is sustained....

                             the students will study regularly or effectively and they will get success well if they have a high interest. David R. Stone and Elwin C Nielson, “....on personal positive interest ..... will increase the chance for success.”

                    In teaching, a teacher not only transfer knowledge to the students but also increases their interest in learning in order to they will learn harder by some ways as follows:

1.      Membangkitkan adanya suatu kebutuhan (arousing need)

2.      Menghubungkan adanya persoalan yang lampau ( connecting with the last matter )

3.      Memberikan kesempatan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang baik (giving a chance to get a result well)

4.      Menggunakan berbagai macam bentuk mengajar (using various teaching methods)

                              The success of student in learning is very much influenced by two factors; They are internal factors and external factors. Internal factors are factors that appear from the learner’s inner side, and “interest” is one of them. While external factors are factors that come from learner’s outside such at school, environment, and community. To get aimed result, “interst” has an important role in teaching learning activities. Besides there are other factors supporting  the success of this teaching – learning process, they are talent and ability. Kurt singer said that interest is the most reliable base to the success of learning if a  learner possesses a willing to learn he/she will understand and remember something easily.

                                 A lesson would be more interesting for learners if the materials seem having some relation with their real life. Zakiyah Darajat said that the first principle in the teaching is to grow the students interst and it will bring and stimulate them to enjoy the lesson.  In the oxford dictionary interest is  mean as desire to learn or to know about somebody or something.

                                 The “kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia” describes that interest is the tendency toward  something, spirit and willing. Torndike in a book that written by Wayan Nurkanca describes that the interest is an individual aspect that connecting  with tendency to look for and participate in certain activities.

                                 Seen that interest is something which drives person to participate  in some activities. Interest can motivate students to enjoy the lesson. It  is important for someone to carry out activities to its best way,  it learn of mental condition. Interest give someone to pay attention and makes him or herself to be part in the activities. A child’s part experience interferes whether he/she is going to be interested in something or not.

                                Interest is the study of the "catalyst", its students have a magical effect within the drive can become invalid for the effective, efficient technology is inefficient. Conversely, if there is no interest in learning English has become a fairy tale. Real learning needs is an obsessive emotions, the process of teaching is learning to share the fun and passion. An English class success often depends on the classroom the atmosphere is active. Ushinski Russian educator said, "there is no interest and forced to learn, it will stifle the will of students to acquire knowledge. shows interest in the importance of strong interest to develop students intellectual curiosity, stimulate students a strong motivation for learning, encourage them to hard work, study hard. at all times and all the great achievements of people, both are the occupations of their own produce a strong, strong interest.

                              Foster interest in the importance of students learning English The current status of secondary school students learning English To secondary school English teaching, for example, according to the survey, with the higher grade, the students interest in learning English levels. Led to the loss of interest in some students lose motivation to continue learning English, resulting in the tendency of weariness, making the poles the growing phenomenon of differentiation be seen, in English teaching, in order to enable students to learn actively and to achieve good learning results, students interested in critical, or even learningEnglish is a prerequisite and guarantee.                 

 2.1.2. The Role of Interesest

          One language, guru once said: not the language courses as a knowledge lesson, learning a language is not primarily to learn the knowledge, but to learn and master the use of such language skills and habits. Must pay attention to students interested in English learning and study habits The training, which teaches students a far more important than knowledge, the famous psychologist Bruner said, "learning is the best stimulus is the interest of the textbook." learning, the interest will a direct impact on learning. interested in learning success factors affecting accounting for 25%, accounting for factors affecting 35% of school failure, showing interest in the success or failure of the importance of learning, so we have to find ways, better each lesson, so that repeated practice becomes tedious lively and fun. new teaching materials close to the student life, and linked to information technology in today's world, in the teaching process, should fully tap its interest, to arouse emotional response, to stimulate students interest in so-called " teaching is to not teach, "" Give a man a fish, "say is the truth. interested in everything we do is the best power source also remember when we first learn to ride a bike, learning to swim, learning to use computers access the Internet momentum it? curious and interested in learning the things that we, we always work tirelessly to explore, even in the learning process encountered difficulties, such as when you started riding a bicycle may fall, but we can easily overcome so that the interest is not only a source of our motivation to learn, it is more in the learning process enables us, firm confidence and determination to overcome difficulties. develop students interest in learning English method.Teachers teaching art a direct impact on students' interest in learning A well-known foreign language educator once said: "The role of emotions in foreign language learning and cognitive skills at least as important, even more important." English teaching is not only a cognitive process, but also a process of emotional events here mentioned The first emotion I am teaching from the teacher's own interest. teaching practice that students motivation to learn a foreign language is the most direct source of foreign language teachers, the emotional power as well as their attitude. the attitude of teachers directly impact student interest in learning, impact on student learning motivation and will to overcome difficulties and affect the efficiency of students' cognitive activity. A teacher interested in teaching, because teaching well and leaving the teaching lively and interesting, so that some had no interest in learning for students interest, on the contrary, no side teaching, scripted, then make some of the original students who are interested in learning but are insipid, uninteresting, and less interested.

                      Secondary school students are younger, naive psychology, the teacher's impression of a direct impact on the interest in learning English. Otherwise, when scanning the classroom teacher the whole class so that students did not feel "forgotten corner." Teachers face is the feeling of "barometer" has rich connotations. Psychologists believe that: = seven percent expressed feelings words + thirty-eight% voice + fifty-five% facial expressions. In addition, teachers are indispensable, even the most important quality is to love students, usually pay attention to more contact with students, take the initiative to talk with students, make friends and help them build confidence in learning, I believe, good quality and personality of teachers to promote the teaching of communication with the tacit understanding.

                        Classroom learning to create a collective sense of security Students in the mood of fear, not for creative thinking. For the lifting of student confusion, tension and fear of negative errors and other adverse psychological factors of learning, first of all I take full advantage of the collective in the classroom, group, organization of language practice activities in the same table, and create one kind of an atmosphere of mutual support, so that students have to learn a sense ofsecurity.

                        Pronunciation of difficult words and reading through collective repeat it, so that poor students have the opportunity to self-correct if a student designated to speak immediately, under normal circumstances students will be very very tight, resulting in insecurity, so the variety of collective forms of classroom activities students can best create a sense of security. In addition, when students make mistakes, teachers should encourage a positive, rather than in error correction, because the students are trying to verbal drills, guilty of point error is inevitable. for these students, just started learning English, need more encouragement and appreciation. appropriate pertinent words of the students have a positive hints, can stimulate students to correct errors, and establish the courage and confidence to forge ahead to develop their potential. and direct blunt words of the students there are negative hints. regardless of the nature, see the error on the correction, the students will cause psychological stress, tension and enhance their sense of fear of mistakes and lose confidence, resulting in low self-esteem, psychological cowardice, so In class, teachers should not hesitate to praise and encourage their own, to meet students' psychological needs.

                        Develop self-confidence in learning English Students are most interested in obtaining good results. Good grades when they confident, otherwise dejected, so teachers should make full use of the psychological characteristics, in teaching the students proper assessment of the results slightly worse for students to use more encourage means to spur them to study hard to catch up, to praise for good scores, so that they redouble their efforts, the students of poor academic performance, try to find their strengths and to be commended. So that all students feel that English is not difficult to learn, as long as their efforts can achieve good results. Process in class, students know how to discover and seize every advantage and a small progress, even if it is a good sentence, a term used right, should be given prompt Good, Very good, Good job and other languages ​​for recognition, encouraged to continue to develop as long as with the positive side, the conduct of praise and encouragement, so that the students will stick to the advantages and disadvantages will be less and less, to enable students to enhance self-confidence, self-esteem when teachers use praise, words of encouragement the answer to their students, their enthusiasm will improve when students, particularly poor students, answer questions be commended, they will excited, the whole class will head up, stare at the teacher, concentrating on serious lectures these praise, words of encouragement to students is nothing more than self-confidence, and only students from the self-confidence to start learning English, students learning English in order to find a breakthrough in the prevailing circumstances, to cultivate students' interest in learning English.

                   At all ages, interest on important role in a person’s life and have a great inpact on the behavior and attitudes. In learning, has a great contribution of success in learning process.

                   A child is not born with interest in English, because interest changes as long as physical an mental changes are taking places for the most part interest develops because of experience, which begin in early childhood, moreover, the important role of interest in a whole life is to :

a.       Provide a strong motivation to learn

b.      Influence the form and intensity of children aspiration

c.       Add enjoyment to cry activity the individual enganges in

d.      Lead the people to achievment.

                  In class a teacher has important roles in raising the learning interest. A teacher will find it difficult to raise learner’s interest and attention if the learners do not like the teacher.

                  The success of student in learning English is very influenced by two factors; they are Internal factors  and external factors. Internal factors are factors that appear from the learners inner side and “interest” is one of them, while external factors are factors that come from learners out side, such as shcool, environment role in teaching learning activities, basides there are other factors supporting the success of this teaching-learning process most reliable base to the success of learning if a learning process a willing to learn he or she will understand and remember something easily.

2.1.3        Aspect of Interest

                      Interest are personal, they are influenced by the behavior of athers and by existing condition of situation. My opinion of interest is “they are aroused early in life and are affected by the individual’s physical condition, his mental and status, and the social environment in which he hes reread.  individual interest changes with experience, because individual is not both with ready-made interst. He gets interest from hisown learning experience in his life. All interest has two aspect, the cognitive and affective.

2.1.3.1  Cognitive Aspect

                    The cognitive aspect is based on  concept that children develop in the areas related to the interest. The cognitive aspect of interest pushes will not only persist but also grow stronger as benefit and satisfaction become evident. The revirie will be true if there is little or no evidence of personal benefits or satisfactions.

                   Concept makes up cognitive aspect of the interest is based on personal experiences and what is learn at home, at school, in the community and from different forms of media. From those sources people learns what will satisfy their need and what will not. The former will develop into interest and the later will not.

2.1.3.2    Affective Aspect

                   The affective aspect is the concept the makes up the cognitive aspect of interest which are expressed in attitudes toward the activities give rise to.¹⁸ like the cognitive aspect, the affective aspect is develop from personal experiences, from attitudes of significant people parents, teachers, peers and other people toward the activities related to his interest and from the attitude expressed or implied in different forms of mass media toward the some motivates.

                     Both aspect, the cognitive and affective, have an important rules in determining what people will or will not do, and what types of personal and social adjushments they will make. But the affective aspect has a great important role in motivations action than the cognitive and tends to be more resistant to change than the cognitive aspect.

2.2      THE IMPORTANCE OF MOTIVATION

                    A teacher as a motivator and facilitator in school should be able to create the best teaching learning condition aat all times. A good teaching learning condition will produce success to in goal at the planned objectives.

                    Motivation has a significant role in teaching learning process. The students who have a high motivation in learning will get better opportunity to success in their activities than those who have less motivation.

                  Express have given various definitions of motivation. Motivation is a rather abstract concept that   is not easy to define. It is internal to the person and it can not be abserved. motivation is some kind of internal drive that encourage somebody to persue a courseof action.  Mackey said in his book that motivation determines how much a person will learn and when he will learn.  This depend on what he want to know it, how he thinks he can learn it and on what he believes to be his advantage. It depends on the needs, interest and tense of values of an individual, it is the justification in large age teaching method and techniques of the efforts expended to make the learner wants to learn the second language.

                       From the definition above the writer get a conclusion that motivation is a complete problem because it is an abstract concept and it will cause a chhange in human body, in teaching learning process giving a motivation to the students is a meant to support them to learn. It can change or influence their learning activities, it is caused by need, interest and purpose.

                    Motivation appears in live with the appearance of needs. When there is a need there will be action to fulfil the need. In another words, motivation and interest appear after someone knows about his needs. Maslow divided there needs into five, they are:

1.      Psychology need      : food, drink, sex and shelter

2.      Safety need              : security, order and protection

3.      Love need                : affection and personal acceptance

4.      Esteem need         : self-respect, reputation, achievement of personal goals, ambition and talent.

2.3      THE HABIT OF WATCHING ENGLISH FILMS

2.3.1.      Description of film

                    In 1887 THOMAS Alva Edison (1847-1931) created a mechanical device for recording and producing image. But he did not find good material to produce image. Until George Eastman who of fered celluoid tape, the problem had solved.

                     Edison named it kinescope. In New York 1984, kinescope first perform held. Less than a minute, kinescope performs pragments of boxing match and entertaiment sketch. At that time, kinescope performance became popular in United States and Europed country.

                    Lumiere Brothers was one of attract people by kinescope performance. They tried to create their own film for kinescope. In fact, that created an instrument that combined camera, processing  film device and projector into one, it called cinema tograph.

                     In December 1895, lumiere Brothers projected their own film on public. First movie theater was born. On the late of 1920 a film with sound created. Then color film published in 1930. Film mechanical denice also had progress from time to time. Until now film is the most attractive entertaiment for people.

2.3.2.      The Meaning of Film

                    Film is full of messages. Film is also one of important media for human. In modern era, people depend on media. It becomes part of human’s life. Film is one of media to give messages to another.

                    Film is acetate-based, emulsion coated strip with perforations on the edges, used to make photographic images when exposed to light in a camera or projected through a projector.

                    Film is a story recorded as set of moving pictures to be shown on television or at the cinema.; In a film, every moves frame by frame in front of the lens and screen. Those picture also alternate at once and givea continue visualization, there is no slit between one picture and another, and the picture move quickly in the screen that produce medley pictures presenting a segent event, story and thing a like the real life.

                     Film can be considered as one of Audio-Visual aids in teaching learning process, though it is not directly shown in the classroom. It can improve student’s conversation, and add some vocabularies and comprehension about English culture. In film, student see and hear recorded experiences. Fiction, shadow, drama and episode about the past as well. It shows the real pictures that  are a combination of gestures, words, music and colors. Film does not only gave facts, it also helps students understand themselves and their environment that will support their daily life in society.

                          Structural/ Materialist film attempts to be non-illusionist. The process of the film's making deals with devices that result in demystification or attempted demystification of the film process. But by 'deals with' I do not mean 'represents'. In other words, such films do not document various film procedures, which would place them in the same category as films which transparently document a narrative, a set of actions, etc. Documentation, through usage of the film medium as transparent, invisible, is exactly the same when the object being documented is some 'real event', some film procedure', some 'story', etc. An avant-garde film defined by its development towards increased materialism and materialist function does not represent, or document, anything. The film produces certain relations between segments, between what the camera is aimed at and the way that 'image' is presented. The dialectic of the film is established in that space of tension between materialist flatness, grain, light, movement, and the supposed reality that is represented. Consequently a continual attempt to destroy the illusion is necessary. In Structural/ Materialist film, the in/film (not in/frame) and film/viewer material relations, and the relations of the film's structure, are primary to any representational content. The structuring aspects and the attempt to decipher the structure and anticipate/ recorrect it, to clarify and analyse the production-process of the specific image at any specific moment, are the root concern of Structural/ Materialist film. The specific construct of each specific film is not the relevant point; one must beware not to let the construct, the shape, take the place of the 'story' in narrative film. Then one would merely be substituting one hierarchy for another within the same system, a formalism for what is traditionally called content. This is an absolutely crucial point.'

2.3.3.      The Kind of Film

                     There are many kinds of film. The writer wants to classify film generally. There are :

2.3.3.1.Commercial film

                    Mainstream films can best be defined as commercial films that are made by major entertainment studios or companies that are owned by international media conglomerates. Because of better financing, these films can afford more expensive actors, wide releases or limited releases, and are sold at popular retail stores. This has become known as the studio system. Films made by major studios or companies that are not owned by a media conglomerate but are distributed by a company owned by a media conglomerate (see Lucasfilm) are also considered to be mainstream and are often referred to as mainstream independent films. Companies that are completely independent, such as Lionsgate, also produce mainstream films, from a cultural standpoint, but independent of the studio system. The alternative to mainstream films are sub genre films that appeal to a certain audience, such as African American films. Low budget films, art films, and experimental films are often the starting point for entertainers who wish to enter into the mainstream circuit or a sub genre circuit. Mainstream films are targeted for all cultures and audiences, with the dominating culture and audience being the primary marketing focus, while sub genre films are maketed towards only one specific culture and audience. Mainstream films often recruit talent from all film genres and backgrounds.

               Commercial film is a film that uses a lighting system, full of ballyhoo in front of movie theater.³ the example Harry Potter, Lrd of the Ring, Matrix, the Scorpion King, Spidermen, and Men in Black.

2.3.3.2.  Documentary Film

                    Documentary film, in the words of Bill Nichols, is one of the discourses of sobriety that include science, economics, politics, and history discourses that claim to describe the real, to tell the truth. Yet documentary film, in more obvious ways than does history, straddles the categories of fact and fiction, art and document, entertainment and knowledge. And the visual languages with which it operates have quite different effects than does the written text.

                    The documentary films that I most respect don't come to closure and don't produce audiences of compassionate spectators of the dilemmas of others. They don't produce identification with heroics or sympathy for victims, both of which are dominant strains in the American documentary tradition. The welfare mother, the native American, and the family with the Downs syndrome child - these are the typical subjects of films that produce caring audiences, audiences who feel they're somehow part of the solution, because they've watched and cared. The filmmakers I admire, who might approach those same subjects, would be doing so in order to deconstruct the subject, to take apart that exact relationship with the audience. They would have a much more complex set of intentions and would resist closure.

                    Documentary film is a film that illustrating real life, life of someone, a period an history, a way of human life. Generally, base on reality and accurancy.⁴ example, Wild American, Discovery Dead Birds, Blackbarry wine, and Haiti Untitle.

2.3.3.3.Experimental film

                                             Today the term "experimental cinema" prevails, because it’s  

                        possible to make experimental films without the presence of any avant-

                        garde movement in the cultural field.

                                             While "experimental" covers a wide range of practice, an

                        experimental film is often characterized by the absence of linear narrative,

                        the use of various abstracting techniques -- out-of-focus, painting or

                        scratching on film, rapid editing -- the use of asynchronous (non-diegetic)

                        sound or even the absence of any sound track. The goal is often to place

                        the viewer in a more active and more thoughtful relationship to the film.

                                            At least through the 1960s, and to some extent after, many

                                  experimental films took an oppositional stance toward   

                                 mainstream culture.

                                         Most such films are made on very low budgets, self-financed or

                               financed through small grants, with a minimal crew or, often a crew of               

                               only one person, the filmmaker. Some critics have argued that much            

                               experemental film is no longer in fact "experimental" but has in fact

                              be a  mainstream film genre.^[1] Many of its more typical features --such

                              as a non- narrative, impressionistic, or poetic approaches to the film's

                             construction -define what is generally understood to be "experimental".

                    Experimental film is a film, which has only one goal that is “art”. Art is a concept of this film. Classic or conventional rules being ignore and experimental film has unlimited duration.⁵ example, Diagonal Symphanie, Empire, First Fight and Mashes of the afternoon.

2.3.3.4. Animation film

                                             Animated Films are ones in which individual drawings,   paintings, or illustrations are photographed frame by frame (stop-frame  cinematography). Usually, each frame differs slightly from the one    preceding it, giving the illusion of movement when frames are projected   in rapid succession at 24 frames per second. The earliest cinema animation  was composed of frame-by-frame, hand-drawn images. When combined with movement, the illustrator's two-dimensional static art came alive and created pure andimaginative cinematic images - animals and other  inanimate objects could become evil villains or heroes.

                                             Animations are not a strictly-defined genre category,    

                         but  rather a film technique, although they often contain genre-like

                         elements. Animation, fairy tales, and stop-motion films often

                         appeal to children, but  it would marginalize animations to view

                         them only as "children's entertainment." Animated films are often

                          directed to, or appeal most to children, but easily can be enjoyed

                           by all. See section on children family film.

                    Animation film is a specialized branc of film making whereby drawings or three-dimensional object are photographed frame by frame. So that when they are projected at a normal speed the illusion of movement is created sometimes ( in art films ), drawung or painting is done directly on the film. Example, The Lion King Toy Story, Aladdin, Pokemon and Tarzan.

2.3.4.       The Criteria of Film Use to Learn Vocabulary

                    Film can also be considered as one of the aids in learning English even though it is bot directly shown in the classroom. Since it can be considered as one of the aids, now what can be derivered from this visual aid ?

                     Many researchers have found the criteria of film used to learn vocabulary. Some of them are  :

2.3.4.1.The film should stimulate a high degree of students interest.

2.3.4.2. The film should provide a concrete basis for the dwvelopment of understanding vocabulary

2.3.4.3.The film provides experiences not easily secured in other ways hence contribute to the depth and according to Peter J. Vernon in his symposium, can film be a valuable stimulus to learning.⁶

2.3.5.      The Advantages of Film

                    In this research the writer will explain about the advantages of film, as follow : film provides the cultures information more that other media. Film provides a lot of experiences that can stimulate students’ motivation. Brings the students from a country to another. Film show the past events in a short time. Every students, not only the smarts students, can learn from film. Film can be repeated if it is necessary to make it clearer.

                                            How can watching English film programs help people   

                       learn  English? films are an excellent way to get a view into the

                       ideas, myths and   values of the culture.

                                     Learning English by watching films in the language can be  

                       a fun and enjoyable way to help learn the language.

                                There are many benefits that can be achieved trough watching

                       movies or watching English films.

                                     The first, watching is something enjoyable, moreover if we

                       understand  about it. By watching, people can know the current

                       things. English movies are developing very much nowadays and

                      know in Indonesia because of the effect of globalization era on

                      information sector.

                                     The second, watching English films is very good for

                       Englishstudents, not only as something enjoyable but also as

                       motivation to learn English.

                                  Finally, the students can also learn a lot of things from

                        watching English Films, such as pronunciation,vocabulary, style,

                        intonation even western culture habit, ect.

2.3.6.      Using Film to Teach English

                         We should encourage the students to see as many films as possible outside the classroom or parts of films in the classroom. Watching films is very important as it increases their visual and critical awareness. Watching films in the classroom can be realized through recording them. We have tried to make the activity of film-watching an active rather than a passive one. This can be done in a variety ways as setting questions about the film, promoting discussions in small groups, asking the students to comment on various things, inviting criticism, etc. We may also stop the film from time to time and ask the students what has happened so far or guess what might happen next. Another way might be turning the sound down and asking the students to imagine or make up dialogues. Anyway it is difficult to use films in the classroom. Sometimes they are difficult to understand but Western Films for example are easy to understand because there is a lot of action in them. Some other films are easy to understand because there is a clear conventional story line, as love stories, epics and science-fiction drama which have simple plots. Of great importance are the subtitles and dubbing which might be in English. They help a lot the aim of helping learning English through films, depending on the procedure the teachers decide to follow. Sometimes the teachers recommend students to see a film dubbed into or subtitled in Albanian, if possible, before seeing it in English. It would be great to find English films with English subtitles. They make understanding the language easier as listening to authentic language is more difficult than seeing the expressions written, thus matching the words with pictures and voice. Jane Shermon says,

“The eye is more powerful than the ear”. ( Jane Sherman, 2003) In this case the students are offered both reading and listening. Judging from our experience usually students prefer more reading than listening, with few exceptions. While using a film in the classroom to help our English we have paid attention to the accent, voice, body language, choosing of the words, training ear and the eye, lifestyle, plot idea, summary, what’s going on, why and how, and many other things depending on the aim we have put to ourselves. The overall aim has always been to maximize comprehension and learn more English. But we all know that watching a full feature film needs more time than teaching hours. So, we need to be able to fit films into a classroom schedule organizing different activities that help this aim. In order to save time we might tell the story of the film ourselves, illustrating it by showing three or four key scenes without telling the end. Another way is the use of video-cassette. The students may watch the film themselves in the video-classroom or at home and come the next day and present what they watched and what happened in the film.

                           Another way of using the films to teach English is that of comparing the film with the book if the same story appears in both ways. This kind of activity can be done before or after watching the film, it can be used to adopt or compare characters, to compare differences and similarities.

                           Diagram, between the book and the film, the examples might be enumerous. The book may be used to supplement and clarify the film, but at the same time the film may be used to illuminate the book. All these could be done through several activities. We may also give assignments to our students, write about your favorite film, your favorite characters, your favorite actors, what makes them your ‘favorites’, the differences you see if a book has been made into a film, etc. When a preliminary work is done before watching the film the above activities may produce interesting writing activities. These kinds of activities also contribute to the promotion of critical thinking especially in evaluating films and improving language skills. Other ways of using films in the classroom are: Segmenting the film, pre-watching, while-watching and post-watching activities, which are very useful as cloze exercises, quizzes, related readings, web sites,film presentations, discussions, research work, etc. Of course, there are not ready made recipes to be followed. Teachers should be creative and decide themselves for the procedures that they feel that have worked well.

                           Watching a film in real life is usually fun and relaxing. We the teachers should try to create a similar atmosphere in the classroom so that both the teacher and the students enjoy the film and the tasks along with it. Not all what we have prepared might be successful, but we should not give up. We have to evaluate what went wrong and try to improve it in the second attempt. After all, practice makes perfect.

2.3.7.      Film as a teaching media

                    Before the writer explain about the film as teaching media. The writer will discuss about definition of media and the funcyion of media in teaching learning process.

                     Media is a tool that  can use as a teacher to sent messages to students in order to can stimulate their mind, their sense and their motivation to do learning process.

                      Media can use to lost students’ bored. And if students like the media, they will understand and remind the lesson with good. There are some advantages, if we use media in teaching learning process, they the are : give motivation to students. Lost students’ bored. Make the teaching learning process more sistematic. Make students more easy to understand in learning process.

                                           Media Education is importantbecause it develops

                       students’creative powers for those images, words and sounds that

                      come to the students from various Media. Thus, creating more active

                      and critical media users, who will always be more demanding in the

                    future. their impact on the students’ progress. It has to do with what t

                    teach through media, when and how. Its aim is to enable students to

                   develop critical thinking, analyzing and reflecting on their experiences

                   while using various means of   Media.

                                                      

                                             Media Influence  is  Pervasive  and Persuasive. Media  

                    today have an enormous impact. They  have   become so important

                    that it is rarely that we  can live without them. Every morning we

                    may wake up with the radio music in  the background, or we play a         

                   tape while having shower or being dressed. Someone may run to the

                   PC or laptop to check   the     mail or the news. On the way to  school 

                   or work   we  may  grab a  newspaper  and  have a look at   headlines.

                    At  school we may go to  the  library  and  consult a lot of books and

                    magazines for our research project. At home we may watch television

                   for a while, etc, etc.

                                            In the years to come, media will become more  

                     pervasive. Understanding them and their influence will be crucial to

                     wise use.So, as said above, everyday, everyone is affected by the    

                     Mass Media in some way or another, when you study a textbook for

                     school, when you turn on the radio in your car, when you see amovie

                     on TV,etc. The collective effects on society of all these media choice

                    are tremendous; some times we are not aware of. 

                                   Despite the criticism of the mass media, most thoughtful

                       persons agree that mass media do a superior job in reporting the

                       news and informing the public. It’s our task as teachers to help

                       students and pupils understand thisinformation transmit it to the

                       coming generations and try to use it for education purposes.

                                            Media keep us informed about what is happening in

                         the world, they extend our knowledge and deepen our understand-

                         ing.Nowadays the information is abundant, it comes through

                        different sources, but we should try how tobenefit from this

                        information, how to learn about specific issues, how to become

                        aware of problems,opportunities and resources, how to find issues

                        we are interested in, how to identify the issues thathave impact on

                        us, etc. So, it is easy to get this information but it is difficult to

                        choose and more difficul to bring it to the classroom.

                     Beside the advantages, media have three  function, they are  : to develop and keep student’ interest. To stimulate students’ mind to think. To get high comprehension degree with efficient in students’ learning.

                    Film can use as a tool in teaching learning process, or we know it with film as a teaching media. As we see from the explanation above, film ahve adventages and three function. Based on it Indonesia and other countries has been declare the roles of film deparment. The role of film department is a part of integral from construction roles as a commonly. Philisophy about film is the same with country philosophy. TAP MPRS No. 11 1960. Said that “film bukan semata-mata barang dagangan melainkan alat pendidikan dan penerangan”.

2.3.8.      The Meaning of Habit

                    The meaning underlying habit is a fundamental or basic process of biological systems and does not require conscious motivation or awareness to occur. Indeed without habit we would be unable to distinguish meaningful information from the backgrround. Unchanging information.

                    Habit is stimulus specific. It does not cause a general decline in responsiveness. It function like an average weighted history wavelet interfence filter reducing the responsiveness of the organism to a particular stimulus. Frequently one can see opponent processes after the stimulus is removed. Habit is connected to associational reciproacal in hibition phenomena, opponent processes, motion aftereffect, color constancy, size constancy, and negative afterimages.

                      Habit seems to be a nasty word, at least for most of us. By and large, we are creatures of habit and, by and large, we live fives of habit. Each of us has a set of routines or habits for doing things that we have to do each day. Routines that we do everyday play an important part in our lives. Routines or habits enable us to do things without having to think too much about them. It is a behavior that we usually do in our everyday life. It consists of two parts, good habits and bad habits. Both habits have only one habit, which is clean and dirty habits. Do you know why we get those habits? It is because we feel comfortable and it doesn't bother you from doing it. Most people do it when they feel uncomfortable.  There are two habit that the writer will explain. The first one is good habits. Do you have any ideas what good habits are? In my opinion, good habits are the behaviors, which are linked to our everyday life. There are a lot of good habits such as smiling always, greeting teachers, helping, wake up early. The second is bad habit. For example, Don't you know that smoking can shorten our lives by 5 minutes for one stick of cigarettes Talking about smoking, drinking also the same as smoking. For instance, being rude, uncourteous and the worst of all is bullying people. People dig their nose when they feel uncomfortable. Mostly, rude people do not face you when talking and they often talk loudly. up early, exercise and habits needed to becoming a good student. Speaking of bad habits, rm sure all of you have your own bad habits. Changing habit is a difficult job, so we have to think positive and try not to give up. Well, I think it stinks and makes their breath smell horrible. Actually, it has the same meaning with bad habit but the only difference is that clean habit is the hygienic and pleasant thing that we always do. Biting nails is a rare habit done by people. Some think that smoking can relax their minds and some think it's cool. Digging nose, biting nails, smoking, spitting, coughing with mouth open, sneezing without covering your nose are some examples. So my advice for you all is, try getting rid of your bad habit and create yourself new, good habits. Of course, we know that everyone like people with these kinds of habits.

2.4.       Description of Vocabulary

2.4.1.      The Meaning of Vocabulary

                      Vocabulary is one of the most abvious component of language and one of the first thing applied linguistics turned their attention to vocabulary also plays on important role in improving our skills in English. As we know, learning English is different from learning other diciplines, in learning it we ought to practice it very often and we cannot practice or build that language if we are lack of vocabulary. As Marianne says that words are perceived as the building blacks upon which knowledge of the  second can be build.⁷ it means that vocabulary can not be separated from the language.

                  The importance of vocabulary learning such as : without grammar very little can be conveyed. Without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.

                     Words are the basic unit of language form. Without sufficient vocabulary, we cannot communication effectively or express ideas. Having limited vocabulary is also a barrier that prevents students from learning a foreign language.

                    In some literature, the writer found the meaning of vocabulary. There are some definitions of vocabulary. A.S. Hornoby in : axford expanced learner’s Dictionary of current English” states that is  : Total Number of  Words, which (with rules) for combining them make up a language. (range of) words known to, or used by, a person, in trade, professions, etc.

                    Another dictionary. Webster’s New World Collage Dictionary, “define vocabulary as a list of words and, often, phrases, abbreviations, inflectional forms, etc, usually arranged in alphabetical order and defined or other wise identified, as in dictionary or glossary”.

                    Vocabulary is a collection of words arranged alphabetically for reference and defined the special stock of employed by individual or by on author.

                                Vocabulary is central to language and is of great significance

            to language learners. Words are the building blocks of a language since

            they label objects, actions, ideas without which people cannot convey the

           intended meaning. The prominent of vocabulary knowledge in second or

           foreign language learning has been recently recognized by theorists and

            researchers in the field.

                    Based on the definition above, the writer can conclude that vocabulary is a total number of words, which can be defined and identified. It can not be separated from people in all social level.  

2.4.2.      The Kinds of Vocabulary

                    Vocabularies as receptive  vocabulary and productive vocabulary. ‘receptive’ vocabulary to mean language items which can only be recognized and comprehend in the context on reading and listening materials, and ‘productive’ vocabulary to be language items which the learner can recall and use approporiately in speech and writing.

                    Vocabulary also classified into topic specific or content – specific vocabulary. Topic – specific or content – specific vocabulary is the words that appear frequently in a particular text because they are related to the topic of the text. For example, in a text of the topic of ice cream, the words flavor, texture. Con, topping and corton might appear frequently. So, those words can we call as topic – specific or content – specific vocabulary.

                    And, vocabularyis divided into two namely ; function and content words. The function words are a closed class, we can not add to the prepositions or auxiliaries or modals or any structure words of the language. The content words, an the other hand, can be added to at any times as new inventions necessary.

                    Caleb Gattegno also classified vocabulary into two kinds. They are luxury vocabulary and semi – luxury vocabulary. Semi luxury is the words we would need to get along with natives in the business of day – to – day life, which include food, clothing, travel, family life, outings and the like. While vocabulary is the words we would need in philosoophical discusssions, political arguments and sources of languages of professions and trades.¹¹

2.4.3.      The importance of vocabulary

                    a good mastery of vacabulary helps the learners to expresstheir ideas toprecisely.by having many stocksof words learners will be ableto comprehend the reading materials catch athers talking, give respon, speak fluentlyand write some kinds of topics. On the contraty, if the learnersdo not recognizethe meaning of the words use by those who address them,the will be unable to participatein conversation, unable to express some ideas,or unable to ask some information.

                   Considering of the important of vocabularyrole in learning foreign language. The mastery of this element should be ensured and develop. Otherwise,the vocabulary mastery of the children will be limited and sequenceof it is that they will find difficulties in  learning the skill of the language. Therefore, school have the tast to teach the vocabulary to their students.

                   Although a considerable amount of the vocabulary, learning is assosiatedwith primary language learning in early years. The acquisition of most the vocabulary charactheristic of an educated adult accur during the years of schooling, and infects ane of the primary task of the school as far as language learning in concerned, as to teach the vocabulary.

 

2.4.4.      Vocabulary Mastery  

                    Commonly, most of students get difficulty in learning and mastering English vocabulary. This is because of several faktors, such as the number of vocabulary that the students need to memorize is high and the second factor is the existing method is not attractive an just burdening the students’ because it can not help the students.

                    Vocabulary mastery is the first step to the students to master the other English skill with higher difficulty like grammar, speaking, and listening. If the students have good vocabulary mastery, they can master the other English skill easily. So, the students should be prepared well in order they can learn and master the other English skill above.

                    Unfortunately, the method which id used does not help the students to get good vocabulary mastery. So, it attracts the researcher to help them by implementing learning technique which is attractive, interactive, qualified and interesting too. The writer’s technique is watching English film. So it would encourage the students to get long term memory toward the vocabulary that has been tought by the teacher in school.

                    In this research the writer will explain about the benefit of vocabulary mastery. And the benefit are :

                   Greater understanding means being better informed. So it’s easy to read comic books but a bit more tricky reading “The Times”. Want the edge on your collagues or competitors? You must be easy with your language, and have a good understanding. It can be embarrasing and even destructive to find yourself in a situation where everyone is using a word that you don’t know.

                    Add spice to your public speaking. Using the same words over and over gets boring. Having a large vocabulary will always keep your audience keen. Be careful though, using long words just to impress will always have the opposite effect, people will switch off if they  think you are being pompous.

                    Get your message across more effectively. Many people believe that the word “synonym” means “another word for the same thing”. This is not true. If two words mean exacty the same thing, we wouldn’t need them. Synonym aresimilar words, but not the same. Having a good range of synonym can add not only richness to your speech, but also make you communicate more effectively. The nuances that you create in your choice of vocabulary will hit the nail on the head as for as your listeners are concerned. They will go away knowing exactly what the message was, not just some vague idea.

2.5.       Relevance of the Research

                     Most of the students know that they have many different ways to mastering vocabulary. As, Michael J. Wallece (1982 : 9) says  that :

                     “ The students has been exposed to a vocabulary item at the same stage, but can not bring it to mind when he needs. In this situation either communications breakdown altogether or else the student has  to use some ‘repair strategy’ such as expressing in his meaning in different way”.

                    But they are often confused about how the way or which one the way that better to mastery of vocabulary. They are unaware that their interest in English and their habit of watching English film can influence their vocabulary mastery. They do not know that their interest and English film can add some vocabularies. Improve students can versation and comprehension, about English culture.

                    There are a lot of good impacts of film on student’s English learning that are yiellded rich opportunities for vocabulary learning activities and several conversation during the film where clear enough (and short enough) to be dealt with word, also a number of ongoing activities were used to maintain comprehension and interest during the six weeks or so it took to work through the film. Finally for student it was satisfying to see the pieces they know fitting together and the dialogues and vocabulary they had studies gave them helpful pages on which to hang their understanding.

2.6.       Conceptual Framework

                  Most research reports cast the problem statement within the context of a conceptual or theoretical framework.  A description of this framework contributes to a research report in at least two ways because it (1) identifies research variables, and (2) clarifies relationships among the variables. Linked to the problem statement, the conceptual framework sets the stage for presentation of the specific research question that drives the investigation being reported. For example, the conceptual framework and research question would be different for a formative evaluation study than for a summative study, even though their variables might be similar.

                    interest in English is very important because it can make the students feel enjoyment to do the activities. Interest can motivate students to enjoy the lesson. Interest is very important for someone to carry out activitiesmto its best way in form of mental condition.

                    The success of the student in teaching and learning process is influenced by his or her interest, because the students feel enjoy to do the activities especially to follow the lesson in the classroom.

                    Interest in English does not only form one’s behaviour but also can support him/her to do the activities. And of course with that the students will mastering the vocabulary.

                    By watching English film the student can get new vocabularies that they did not know before. And if they are watching more and more, even it is become their habit. Then they will mastering the vocabulary.

                    So, In this research, the writer will know the effect of students’ interest in English and the habit of watching English films to students’ vocabulary mastery.

2.7.       Research Hyphothesis

                          Research hypotheses are the specific testable predictions made about the independent and dependent variables in the study. Usually the literature review has given background material that justifies the particular hypotheses that are to be tested. Hypotheses are couched in terms of the particular independent and dependent variables that are going to be used in the study.

                        An example would be,   "Children who are exposed to regular singing of the alphabet will show greater recognition of letters than children who are exposed to regular pronouncing of the alphabet"

                       Notice the IV is specified (singing compared to pronouncing) and the DV is specified (recognition of letters is what will be measured). Notice also that this research hypothesis specifies a direction in that it predicts that the singing group will recognise more letters than the pronouncing group. This is not always the case. Research hypotheses can also specify a difference without saying which group will be better than the other. In general, it is considered a better hypothesis if you can specify a direction.

                      Finally, note the deductive reasoning principle of the scientific method when we test hypotheses. If our theories and ideas are the truth we can devise controlled experiments and find evidence to support them. This gives considerable credence to our theories. If we work the other way, and gather data first and then try to work out what happened (inductive reasoning) we could be faced with a large number of competing theories all of which could be true or not true. This is sometimes called posthoc theorising and is a common way in which people explain events in their world. But we have no way of knowing which one is correct, we have no way of ruling out the competing reasons and we usually end up with choosing the one that fits best with our existing biases.

                     Inductive reasoning does have a role in exploratory research in order to develop initial ideas and hypotheses, but in the end the hypotheses have to be tested before they can have scientific credence.

                    Hypothesis is a presumption, which can be right or can be wrong. The hypothesis will be rejected if it is proved wrong and it will be accepted if it is supported by facts. The rejected hypothesis and the accepted hypothesis depend on the result of the research. And the writer’s hypothesis are :

Ho      :          -     There is no effect of the students’ interest in English and    

                            the habit of watching English films to the students’

                            vocabulary mastery.

-          There is no effect of the students’ interest in English to the students’ vocabulary mastery.

-          There is no effect of the habit of watching English films to the students’ vocabulary mastery.

            Ha      :          -    There is the effect of the students’ interest in English and

                                        the habit of  watching English films to the students’

                                       vocabulary mastery.

-          There is the effect of the students’ interest in English to the students’ vocabulary mastery.

-          There is the effect of the habit of watching English films to the students’ vocabulary mastery.

                                           CHAPTER III

                            RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

                    In this chapter, the writer will be present some matter that relate with the research, they are the Aim of the Research, Place and Time of the Research, Polulation and Sample of the Research, Technique of the Collecting Data, Instrument of the Research, Technique of Data Analysis and Statistic Hyphothesis.

3.1.  Aim of the Reasearch

             An aim is an overall specification of the intention or purpose of a programme of study or institutional mission or policy. A programme of study may specify one or more aims. These are generally specified so as to encompass the purpose and philosophy of the programme.

             Aims are usually further elaborated by programme objectives or programmes outcomes. These are usually framed to indicate what students will be able to do as a result of studying the programme.

             Aims specify the overall direction and content of a programme of study. Module aims would do the same for a subunit of a programme, usually showing how they relate to the overall programme aims.

          The aim of the research is to whether there is the effect of students’ interest in English and the habit of watching English films to students’ vocabulary  mastery at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

3.2.Place and Time of the research

                    Time restrictions regulate when individuals may express themselves. At certain times of the day, the government may curtail or prohibit speech to address legitimate societal concerns, such as traffic congestion and crowd control.

                    Place restrictions regulate where individuals may express themselves. The Supreme Court has recognized three forums of public expression: traditional public forums, limited public forums, and nonpublic forums. Traditional public forums are those places historically reserved for the dissemination of information and the communication of ideas. Consisting of parks, sidewalks, and streets, traditional public forums are an especially important medium for the least powerful members of society who lack access to other channels of expression, such as radio and television. Under the First Amendment, the government may not close traditional public forums but may place reasonable restrictions on their use.

                   Limited public forums are those places held out by the government for civic discussion. Capitol grounds, courthouses, state fairs, and public universities have all qualified as limited public forums for First Amendment purposes. Although the government may designate such places as sites for public speech under certain circumstances, the Supreme Court has recognized that individual expression is not the sole objective served by limited public forums.

                    The government is allowed to regulate non-public forums with even greater latitude. Non-public forums include privately owned property and publicly owned property devoted almost exclusively to purposes other than individual expression. Airports, jailhouses, military bases, and private residential property have all been deemed to be nonpublic forums under the First Amendment. Public sidewalks and streets that abut private property normally retain their status as traditional public forums.

                 from the explanation above, the writer want use the time and place to support her research. And to collect the data for this research the writer held a field research at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang. And for the time, the writer predict, it’s about february or march 2013.

3.3.  Method of the Research

                    There are three main methods for collecting data in qualitative research. The resulting data is usually transcribed then analysed using one of a variety of techniques for analysis (development [and interpretation] on key themes for example). The three main methods of data collection are:

Focus groups

                    For this method the researcher brings together a small number of subjects to discuss the topic of interest. The group size is kept deliberately small, so that its members do not feel intimidated but can express opinions freely. A topic guide to aid discussion is usually prepared beforehand and the researcher usually ‘chairs’ the group, to ensure that a range of aspects of the topic are explored. The discussion is frequently tape-recorded, then transcribed and analysed.

Direct observation

                    Data can be collected by an external observer, referred to as a non-participant observer. Or the data can be collected by a participant observer, who can be a member of staff undertaking usual duties while observing the processes of care. In this type of study the researcher aims to become immersed in or become part of the population being studied, so that they can develop a detailed understanding of the values and beliefs held by members of the population.

                    Sometimes a list of observations the researcher is specifically looking for is prepared before-hand, other times the observer makes notes about anything they observe for analysis later.

In-depth interviews

                  Interviews use the same principle as a focus group, but subjects are interviewed individually, ideally in the patient’s own home. Interviews in qualitative research are usually wide ranging, probing issues in detail. They seldom involve asking a set of predetermined questions, as would be the case in quantitative surveys. Instead they encourage subjects to express their views at length. One particularly useful technique is the critical incident study, in which subjects are asked to comment on real events rather than giving generalisations. This can reveal more about beliefs and attitudes and behaviour. The researcher may be able to obtain more detailed information for each subject, but loses the richness that can arise in a group in which people debate issues and exchange views.

         

          To support this research, the writer collects data based on the library research and the field research by using questionnaire and test. In the library research, the writer goes to the some libraries to find books that are related to the topic of the research.  In the field research, the writer give questionnaire about the students’ interest in English and The habit of watching English films ( variable X1 and X2 )  and gives vocabulary test ( variable Y )  to the whole students at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

3.4. Population and the Sample of the Research

        

           Population is area that consist of subject / object which have quantity and characteristic that is decided by researcher to be learnt and to get conclusion. So, population is not only  human beings but also everything that there is in the world. Population is not only the total object / subject that will be learnt, but consists of the whole chararteristic of the object / subject it self.

          The population of the research is the whole students at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang. The size of populations are     schools ( SMKN )   

         

    

             Sampling is done usually because it is impossible to test every single individual in the population. It is also done to save time, money and effort while conducting the research. Still, every researcher  must keep in mind that the ideal  scenario is to test all the individuals to obtain reliable, valid and accurate results. If testing all the individuals is impossible, that is the only time we rely on sampling technique.  

3.4.1          Types of Sampling

                  The best sampling is probability sampling, because it increases the likelihood of obtaining samples that are representative of the population.

3.4.1.1    Non-Probability Sampling

                In this type of population sampling, members of the population do not have equal chance of being selected. Due to this, it is not save to assume that the sample fully represents the target population. It is also possible that the researcher deriberately chose the individuals that will participate in the study.

     Non-probability population sampling method is useful for pilot studies, case studies, qualitative research, and hypothesis development.

     This sampling method is usually employed in studies  that are not interested in the parameters of the entire population. Some researchers prefer this sampling technique because it is cheap, quick and easy.

3.4.1.2    Probability Sampling

     In probability sampling, every individual in the population have equal chance of being selected as a subject for the research. This method guarantees that the selection process is completely randomized and without bias.

     The most basic example of probability sampling is listing all the names of the individuals in the population in separate pieces of paper, and then drawing a number of papers one by one from the complete collection of names.

       The advantages of using probability sampling is the accurancy of the statistical methods after the experiment. It can also be used to estimate the population parameters since it is representative of the entire population. It is also a reliable method to eliminate sampling bias.

            

Non-Probability Sampling	Convenience Sampling
	Consecutive Sampling
	Quota Sampling
	Judgmental Sampling
	Snowball Sampling
Probability Sampling	Simple Random Sampling
	Systematic Sampling
	Stratified Sampling
	Cluster Sampling
	Disproportional Sampling

 

 

3.4.2        Steps  in  Recruiting the Appropriate Research Sample

3.4.2.1 First, the researcher must clearly define the target population.

In research, population is a precise group of people or objects that possesses the characteristic that is questioned in a study. To be able to clearly define the target population, the researcher must identify all the specific qualities that are common to all the people or objects in focus.

A population can be as simple as all the citizens of California or it can be specific like all male 17-year old high school students with asthma who have been taking bronchodilators since 12 years of age.

3.4.2.2  define the accessible population considering the researcher’s time, budget and workforce.

This process will help the researchers grasp a concrete idea pertaining to the sample that they can obtain from the population.

If the researcher has plenty of time, funds and workforce, he can opt to conduct the study using a completely randomized sample but if the time money and workforce is limited, the researcher can opt to use convenience sampling.

But still, the type of population sampling must depend on the research question and design.

3.4.2.3  Allocate the available money, time and workforce for recruitment.

3.4.3  Research Triad

                     Based on the explanation above, the writer take the sample of the population. And she takes five of  SMKN  that there is in Pasarkemis Tangerang.

3.5. Technique  of Collecting Data

            

         The data will need in the research. The writer will collect the data from the questionnaire score and the vocabulary score at SMKN in Pasarkemis Tangerang. In collect data, the writer uses :

3.5.1.      Observation

      Observation is either an activity of a living being, such as a human, consisting of receiving knowledge of the outside world through the senses, or the recording of data using scientific instruments. The term may also refer to any data collected during this activity. An observation can also be the way you look at things or when you look at something.

     The writer visit the school to asking perittion to the headmaster for doing the research in his school and in order to conduct research, and makes interview with the English teachers.

3.5.2.      Questionnaire

                                  A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of

                        questions  and other prompts for the purpose of gathering information

                         from respondents. Although they are often designed for statistical analysis

                       of the responses, this is not always the case. The questionnaire was

                       invented by Sir Francis Galton.

                                   Questionnaires have advantages over some other types of surveys in

                      that  they are cheap, do not require as much effort from the questioner as

                     verbal or  telephone surveys, and often have standardized answers that make

                     it simple to compile data. However, such standardized answers may frustrate

                   users.

                                   Questionnaires are also sharply limited by the fact that respondents

                     must be able to read the questions and respond to them. Thus, for some  

                    demographic groups conducting a survey by questionnaire may not be

                    practical.

     The writer uses questionnaire to be responded by students to find out the students’ interest in English and the habit of watching English films.

3.5.3.      Test

        In general, test is finding out how well something works. In terms of human beings, testing tells what level of knowledge or skill has been acquired

  

  The writer uses vocabulary test to get the vocabulary score in order to know that the students mastering vocabulary or not,

3.6. Instrument of the Research

                     Instrument is the generic term that researchers use for a measurement device (survey, test, questionnaire, etc.). To help distinguish between instrument and instrumentation, consider that the instrument is the device and instrumentation is the course of action (the process of developing, testing, and using the device).

                    Instruments fall into two broad categories, researcher-completed and subject-completed, distinguished by those instruments that researchers administer versus those that are completed by participants. Researchers chose which type of instrument, or instruments, to use based on the research question. Examples are listed below:

Researcher-completed Instruments	Subject-completed Instruments
Rating scales	Questionnaires
Interview schedules/guides	Self-checklists
Tally sheets	Attitude scales
Flowcharts	Personality inventories
Performance checklists	Achievement/aptitude tests
Time-and-motion logs	Projective devices
Observation forms	Sociometric devices

                  

                     To obtain the data will need for this research, the writer will be use questionnaire and vocabulary test as instruments of the research. For using questionnaire will consist fifty questions that consist of twenty five about the students’ interest in English and twenty five questions about the habit of watching English films. For using vocabulary test will consist of fifty questions ( the meaning of vocabulary form ten numbers, the place names form ten numbers, the vocabulary pairs form ten numbers, the synonym of vocabulary form ten numbers, and the antonym of vocabulary form ten numbers too).

3.7. Technique of Data Analysis 

                    In analyzing data, the writer uses the formula of regresi linear that have two variable, as follows :

Where  :

                   X₁  =  The score of students’ interest in English ( independent

                             variable)

                   x_{2 =   The score of the habit of watching English films}

                    _{(independent variable)}

                   b₀    = intersep

                   b_i    = koefisien regresi ( i = 1, 2, 3, …, k)

3.8. The Statistic Hyphothesis

▪ The Null Hyphothesis Formula    :     H_o : β_{1 =} 0, β₂ = 0  ( there is no effect

                                                               of the  students’ interest in English

                                                               and the habit of watching English

                                                               films to the students’ vocabulary

                                                               mastery )

▪ The research Hyphothesis Formula : H_{1 :} β₁ ≠ 0 β₂ ≠ 0 ( there is the effect

                                                             of the students’ interest in English

                                                             and the habit of watching English

                                                           films to the study vocabulary mastery)